From general education to apprenticeship courses

Paths of leaving and returning to the education and training system

Authors

  • Alexandra Doroftei Faculdade de Educação e Psicologia e Centro de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1623-4357

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24840/esc.vi60.364

Keywords:

: apprenticeship courses, early leaving from education and training, young people, IVET

Abstract

This article refers to the paths of young people who left the education and training system before completing upper secondary education, thus increasing the numbers of early leavers from education and training, but who decided to return to education through an Apprenticeship Course. The reasons evoked by young people for dropping out of school and for enrolling in the course are presented. A mixed methodology research design was used, collecting quantitative data from 665 young people who answered an online questionnaire in Portugal, at national level, and qualitative data from 54 semi-structured interviews with young people, at the Porto district level. All participants attended Apprenticeship Courses at the time of data collection. The results point to some convergence between quantitative and qualitative data regarding reasons for dropping out of school, and report that such reasons also converge with reasons for entering an Apprenticeship Course, especially in qualitative data.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Alexandra Doroftei, Faculdade de Educação e Psicologia e Centro de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal.

PhD degree in Educational Sciences from the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Porto (FPCEUP). She is a post-doctoral research fellow at the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Centro Regional do Porto. She concluded the European Master of Development Studies in Social and Educational Sciences - European Perspectives on Social Inclusion (http://www.social-inclusion.org/).

References

Alves, Natália (2007). E se a melhoria da empregabilidade dos jovens escondesse novas formas de desigualdade social? Sísifo. Revista de Ciências da Educação, 2, 59–68.

Alves, Natália (2008). Juventudes e inserção profissional. Educa; UI&DCE.

Alves, Natália, Almeida, António J., Fontoura, Madalena, & Alves, Paulo (2001). Educação e formação: Análise comparativa dos sub-sistemas de qualificação profissional de nível III. Observatório do Emprego e Formação Profissional.

Assembleia da República. (2009). Lei n.o 85/2009. Diário da República n.º 166/2009, Série I de 2009-08-27, 5635-5636. https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/lei/85-2009-488826

Araújo, Helena C., Rocha, Cristina, Macedo, Eunice, Magalhães, António, & Doroftei, Alexandra O. (2013). Formulation of a common working definition of ESL: International contributions (Project Paper 1). In RESL.eu Project (Ed.), Project papers (Issue 1). Universidade de Antuérpia.

Ayala, Ricardo A., Koch, Tomas F., & Messing, Helga B. (2019). Understanding the prospect of success in professional training: An ethnography into the assessment of problem-based learning. Ethnography and Education, 14(1), 65–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457823.2017.1388184

Baker, John, Lynch, Kathleen, Cantillon, Sara, & Walsh, Judy (2004). Equality: From theory to action. Palgrave Macmillan.

Cedefop. (2014). Research paper no. 39. Attractiveness of initial vocational education and training: Identifying what matters. Publications Office of the European Union. http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/files/5539_en.pdf

Cieslik, Mark, & Simpson, Donald (2013). Key concepts in youth studies. SAGE.

Clycq, Noel, Nouwen, Ward, & Timmerman, Chris (2013). Theoretical and methodological framework in Early School Leaving (Project paper 2). In Projeto RESL.eu (Ed.), Project Papers (Issue 2). Universidade de Antuérpia. https://medialibrary.uantwerpen.be/oldcontent/container23160/files/Project%20Paper%202%20-%20final%20version%20-%2009%2005%202014.pdf?_ga=2.224808914.99489395.1636733379-1599513808.1636733379

Conselho Europeu. (2000). Conclusões da Presidência. Conselho Europeu de Lisboa, 23-24 de Março de 2000. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/pt/ec/00100-r1.p0.htm

Creswell, John W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Pearson.

Dale, Roger (2010). Early school leaving. Lessons from research for policy makers. European Commission. https://nesetweb.eu/en/resources/library/early-school-leaving-lessons-from-research-for-policy-makers/

Doll, Jonathan, Eslami, Zohreh, & Walters, Lynne (2013). Understanding why students drop out of high school, according to their own reports. SAGE Open, 3(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244013503834

Doroftei, Alexandra (2020). Cursos de aprendizagem e equidade no campo educativo: Um estudo sobre representações, reconhecimento e imagem social do ensino profissionalizante de jovens em Portugal [Tese de doutoramento, Universidade do Porto]. Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/127812

Doroftei, Alexandra O., Silva, Sofia Marques, & Araújo, Helena C. (2015, dezembro 3-4). The apprenticeship system in Portugal, the UK and Germany: Similarities and differences in work-based vocational training in the European context [Poster]. VII Seminário Internacional do PDCE, Porto, Portugal. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.19273.85605

Estêvão, Pedro, & Álvares, Maria (2013). A medição e intervenção do abandono escolar precoce: Desafios na investigação de um objeto esquivo. CIES E-Working Paper, 157, 1–18.

European Commission. (2011). Tackling early school leaving: A key contribution to the Europe 2020 Agenda. European Commission. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2009_2014/documents/com/com_com(2011)0018_/com_com(2011)0018_en.pdf

Eurostat. (2017). Educational attainment level and transition from education to work (based on EU-LFS) (Metadata). http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/edat1_esms.htm

Eurostat. (2021). Early leavers from education and training by sex. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/sdg_04_10/default/table?lang=en

Fraser, Nancy (2002). A justiça social na globalização: Redistribuição, reconhecimento e participação. Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais, 63, 7–20. https://doi.org/10.4000/rccs.1250

Hyland, Terry (2017). Craft working and the “hard problem” of vocational education and training. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 5, 304–325. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.59021

Lehmann, Wolfgang, Taylor, Alison, & Wright, Laura (2014). Youth apprenticeships in Canada: On their inferior status despite skilled labour shortages. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 66(4), 572–589. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2014.958868

Macedo, Eunice, Santos, Sofia A., & Doroftei, Alexandra O. (2018). Alternative learning arenas in Portugal: Hope for young adults? In Lore Van Praag, Ward Nouwen, Rut Van Caudenberg, Noel Clycq, & Christiane Timmerman (Eds.), Comparative perspectives on early school leaving in the European Union (pp. 199–214). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315170404

Marôco, João (2014). Análise estatística com o SPSS Statistics (6.ª ed.). ReportNumber.

Martins, Guilherme O. (Coord.), Gomes, Carlos, Brocardo, Joana, Pedroso, José, Carrillo, José, Silva, Luísa, Encarnação, Maria, Horta, Maria, Calçada, Maria, Nery, Ruy, & Rodrigues, Sónia (2017). Perfil dos alunos à saída da escolaridade obrigatória. Ministério da Educação/Direção-Geral da Educação. http://www.dge.mec.pt/sites/default/files/Curriculo/Projeto_Autonomia_e_Flexibilidade/perfil_dos_alunos.pdf

McGregor, Glenda, & Mills, Martin (2012). Alternative education sites and marginalised young people: “I wish there were more schools like this one”. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 16(8), 843–862. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2010.529467

McGregor, Glenda, Mills, Martin, Te Riele, Kitty, & Hayes, Debra (2014). Excluded from school: Getting a second chance at a “meaningful” education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 19(6), 608–625. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2014.961684

Ministérios da Educação e do Trabalho e Segurança Social. (1984). Decreto-Lei n.º 102/84. Diário da República n.º 75/1984, Série I de 1984-03-29, 1069-1076. https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/decreto-lei/102-1984-661731

Mills, Martin, & McGregor, Glenda (2014). Re-engaging young people in education: Learning from alternative schools. Routledge.

Ministérios do Trabalho e da Solidariedade Social e da Educação. (2008). Portaria n.º 1497/2008. Diário da República n.º 245/2008, Série I de 2008-12-19, 8960-8967. https://dre.pt/dre/detalhe/portaria/1497-2008-443931

Nada, Cosmin, Santos, Sofia A., Macedo, Eunice, & Araújo, Helena C. (2018). Can mainstream and alternative education learn from each other? An analysis of measures against school dropout and early school leaving in Portugal. Educational Review, 72(3), 365-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2018.1508127

Pais, José M. (2016). Ganchos, tachos e biscates: Jovens, trabalho e futuro (4.a ed.). GD Publishing; Edições Machado.

Ryan, Louise, & Lőrinc, Magdolna (2018). Perceptions, prejudices and possibilities: Young people narrating apprenticeship experiences. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 39(6), 762-777. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2017.1417821

Santos, Sofia A., Macedo, Eunice, & Araújo, Helena C. (2018). Educational trajectories of early school leavers in Portugal: Processes and conditions of (in)equality. In Lore Van Praag, Ward Nouwen, Rut Van Caudenberg, Noel Clycq, & Christiane Timmerman (Eds.), Comparative perspectives on early school leaving in the European Union (pp. 149–163). Routledge.

Santos, Sofia A., Nada, Cosmin, Macedo, Eunice, & Araújo, Helena C. (2020). What do young adults’ educational experiences tell us about early school leaving processes? European Educational Research Journal, 19(5), 463–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904120946885

Silva, Sofia M. (2010). Da casa da juventude aos confins do mundo: Etnografia de fragilidades, medos e estratégias juvenis. Edições Afrontamento.

Simões, Maria T., Fonseca, António C., Formosinho, Maria D., Vale-Dias, Maria L., & Lopes, Margarida C. (2008). Abandono escolar precoce: Dados de uma investigação empírica. Revista Portuguesa de Pedagogia, 42(1), 135–151. https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-8614_42-1_7

Tomaszewska-Pękała, Hanna, Marchlik, Paulina, & Wrona, Anna (2017). Finding inspiring practices on how to prevent ESL and school disengagement. Lessons from the educational trajectories of youth at risk from nine EU countries. University of Warsaw.

Tonkiss, Fran (2004). Analysing text and speech: Content and discourse analysis. In Clive Seale (Ed.), Researching society and culture (pp. 367–382). SAGE.

Published

2021-12-16

How to Cite

Doroftei, A. . (2021). From general education to apprenticeship courses: Paths of leaving and returning to the education and training system. Educação, Sociedade & Culturas, (60). https://doi.org/10.24840/esc.vi60.364

Issue

Section

ARTICLES | Open call